Multisystem atrophy of the brain

Multisystem atrophy of the brain. In the basis of the multisystem atrophy, the Shy-Drager syndrome, the degenerative processes lie. The disintegration of the neurons of some part of the grey matter leads to the motor disorders and loss of control over vegetative functions, such as blood pressure or urination. Symptomatically, the disorder has multiple variations so several groups have been distinguished. The pathological process manifests in the vegetative dysfunctions, of the parkinsonism syndrome type: hypertonia, shaking and slowed movements; as well as of ataxia type, which is represented by insecure gait and imbalance.

The disease onsets with akinetic-rigid syndrome characterized by slowed down movements and the symptoms that are similar to the symptoms of the Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, the problems with coordination and genitourinary system are observed. In males, one of the first symptoms is erectile dysfunction. Urinary incontinence is also frequently observed. In some cases, abrupt falls can be the first sign throughout a year. Further, the multisystemic atrophy of the brain acquires new symptoms that can be subdivided into three groups. The first is parkinsonism manifested in awkward moves and handwriting change. The second group includes urinary retention or inconsistence, impotence, constipation and vocal paralysis. The third group involves a cerebellum dysfunction characterized by hindered coordination, loss of sense of space, dizziness and swoons. Along with cognitive symptoms, dryness of the mouth and skin, change in sweat secretion, apnoea and snorting during sleep and double vision are possible.