Neurorehabilitation

Rehabilitation of the neurological patients is an important therapeutic factor of contemporary therapy of the neurological and neurosurgical patients. The neural tissue is capable of the independent regeneration for three years after the initial injury employing inner resources and reserves of the organism. However, after three years it is unable to regenerate on its own, all reparative processes slow down or arrest and do not affect the damaged functions of the brain/spinal cord. Hence, despite the available opportunity to recover the damaged function, the most up to date training equipment and special systems of rehabilitation remain low effective as there is no resource for tissue regeneration in three years post injury. The resource is exhausted by this time as in the remote period of traumatic disease of the brain, the neural tissue, and, primarily, neurons, are unable to form new synaptic intercellular contacts, new vessels and new microcirculatory bed, to independently restore the damaged genome of neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia.

All these opportunities are provided by the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). They can trigger angiogenesis in the damaged tissue thanks to endotheliocytes, as well as to restore a genetic defect thanks to the fusion of the HSCs and HPCs with the injured cells of neural tissue. Transfusions of the HSCs and HPCs within the program rehabilitation of the neurological patients open the perspective for recovery of the damaged functions through restoration of the neurophysiological co-laterals (bypasses) in the neural network and new vascular microcirculatory arterial-venous bypasses in the site of injury.  Thus, the use of the HSCs and HPCs in the neurorehabilitation programs of the therapy of neurological patients is the tool of choice and must be widely employed in neurology and neurosurgery.